Crusher construction



May 29, 1951 G. E. coNwAY 2,554,697

CRUSHER CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 21, 1948 15a ZZJ h F165 22 22 M INVENTORY -eaEf'a/m/ Fla@ m Ewq y ATToNY atented May 29 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE 2,554,697 CRUSHER ooNs'fitUofr'IoN George E. onway, Cresskill, N.J. Application rieti-defy 21, 19'48', serial No. 10,029 7 claims. (o1.24x-94) `This invention relates to Crusher constructions and moreparticularly is directed to improved jaw crushers having powerfulstrength yet being of relatively light Weight. A

Among the objects of the invention is to pro'- vide a jaw Crusherconstruction of the character described which shall comprise few andsimple partsv that are readily assembled to provide a strong ruggedapparatus which shall be cheap to manufacture, which shall have a highoutputca pa'cty with a minimum power requirement, which shall givetrouble-proof service, which shall be easy to inspect, maintain andpermit quick disa's-v sembly for replacement of parts, whichy shall beeflicient and practical to a high degree in use.

Other objects of this invention will in part be obvious and in parthereinafter pointed out. yThe invention accordingly consists of featuresof con--V struction, combination of elements and arrange-` ment of partswhich will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter described ando'f which the scope of the' application will be` indicated in thefollowing claims.

In the accompanying drawing in which are shown various illustratedembodiments of th'e in`` vention: Y N

Fig. 1 is a cross sectional view taken vertically through a jaw typecrusher construction to ein'- body the invention and corresponding t'o'a.' cutv taken on lines I I in Fig. 2,

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken horizon-- tally and correspondingto a cut taken on lines 2-2in Fig. 1,

Figs. 3', 4 and- 5 are fragmentary sectional: views taken on lines 3 3,llt- 4, and 5-5 respectively', in Fig. 1, and

Fig. 6" is a fragmentary side elevational View as seen along lines'I- inFig'. 2.

Referring in detail to the drawing, I denotes an'improved jaw typecrusher constructed to embody the invention having a suitable rotarydrive means, such as any conventional prime mover' power source', forexample an electricmotor', gas engine or the like (not shown) connectedtot'urnhorizontally disposed main power shaft I'I,l or through drivingeither of spaced apart flywheels I 2 mounted to turn with said` shaft II`- in' the" well'V understood manner, fiywheels I2 being secured' onopposite' ends of shaft II by suitable means such asia keyway and key I2a, shown' in Fig. 2. i

Ther main power shaft II is supported' in posi-F tion on a pair ofmating frame sldes- I 3 which are* held rigidly together o'n the frontor jaw end of the' crusher I0 by a U-shaped tie plate'A I4: having"spaced apart clamping bolts I for retaining bent bracing portions ISa onthe front ends of frame side I 3 in contact and for holding Crusherfixed jaw I5' in assembly with said frame bracing portions I3a in mosteffective position; as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, to take shock andthrust during the crushing operations. y Y r j A Y, Fixed jaw I6 may bemade of heavy plate stock and if desired provided with spacedperforations I6a backed by integrally formedbracingrib IGb spaced aparton the rear side to extend there` across', said fixed jaw I6 beingmounted to provide spaces IBC' on the rearside thereof communicatingwith outlet end Ia of the Crusher' IIJ as' is clear from Fig'. 1. vAsseen from Figs. 1 and 3, U-shaped tie plate I I I4 extends aroundtheexterior of the front end of the frame sideskli while said fixed jaw IBwhich* is also Ushaped, sets on theV interior of saidfiont frame end,fixed jaw I6 being posif tioned'lin inversed Urelation tothe plate I4with bolts I5 clamping the ends of tie plate |47, and fixed jaw Iitogether withvframe portion I 3a extending therebetween to provide arigid, braced rugged structure, the leading ends of Vframe portions I3a' bearing against and backing up the center region of fixed jaw I6 forwithstanding the severest impact to which the fixed jaw I6 is subjectedyet forming thereby a relatively light weight structure. l r r w The'center and rear end of eachmfrarne side I3 maybe provided withoutturne'd edge flanges |311' against whichVV a cover plate il issecuredy by spaced bolts I'8`f, said cover plateII extending to'venclose the top` andrear sides of the Crusher YII). Said frameY sidesAI3 may also be provided with outturned base flanges I`3c extending frombottoni edges thereof, said base flanges I 3c being provided with slotsor holes I3g for anchoring the Crusher In in position onthe' floor orother support, not shown, in the well understood man? ner.

`To further brace said frame sides I3 assembly, base flange I3c may beinturned at the middle andv rear end thereof to form an angle or ribjoint i3dv which extends along the mid-portion' of the bottom side ofCrusher IU, said joint I3d being' secured by bolts 13e, as shown inFigs. l and' 5.Y As a further reinforcement and bracing for said fram'esides I3V the bolted joint I3d may be formed by an upstanding ribextension I3f.

Each' frame side I3 may have integrally formed therewith an outwardlyextending bearing cantilever' type of support bracket lh which forms a.recessed holder into which a bearing liner I'9` iS mounted, the latterbeing of any suitable L-Ilte' 3 friction construction aligned to journalmain shaft as is clear from Fig. 2. Suitable caps 20 for retaining theliners I9 and lubricating means such as oil cups 2| therefor areprovided as shown in Fig, 6.

A central section ||a of shaft extending between frame sides I3 may beenlarged and made eccentric with respect to the axis of shaft Saidsection ||a carries a plurality of spaced hinged head ends 22a ofswinging crusher jaw 22 suspending the latter in position forcooperation on movement with fixed jaw I6, and an eccentric sleeve 23 iskeyed, as at 23a or otherwise secured, to said central section ||a toextend between said swing jaw head ends 22a'asV shown inFigs.1and2.

Swing jaw 22 may be constructed with a front crusher wall 221) which mayalso have spaced perforations 22e similar in size and shape `,to thoseprovided in fixed jaw |6 and is backed by integrally formed bracing ribs22d spaced apart in cross relation on the rear side thereof. There alsomay be provided side wall bracingmember's 22e which terminate in saidhead"end22a, and an interconnected rear wall 22j convexed or struttedrearwardly to provide a chanber or space 22g between said bracingmembers 22e and walls 22D and 22j, said space 22g, communieating withsaid crusher outlet end Illa as is clear from Figs. 1 and 4. Theexterior side of said rear wall 221c may have the midportion thereofformed with a rearwardly projecting socket 22h carrying a suitableanti-friction bearing liner 24 for receiving and seating one end 25a oftoggle or thrust plate 25.

Mounted for pivoting on eccentric sleeve 23, is one end 26a of a pullingconnecting link 2 6, the other end 26h of said link 26 being journalledto swing on hinge pin 2'! terminating upper ends 25a of a fiburcatedlever 28. The ylatter has the lower end 28h thereof mounted foroscillation on a fulcrum pin 29, the ends of which extend for supportand are secured in frame sides I3 as shown in Figs. l, 2 and 5.

The lever lower end 23h may be made with an integral socket 28e whichprojects forwardly facing the rear wall socket 22h of said crusher swingjaw 22, said socket 28e carrying a suitable anti-friction bearing liner3 0 for receiving and seating end 25h of thrust plate 25 opposite end25a as shown in Fig. 1.

To positively bring the swing jaw 22 into fully retracted positionpermitted by the thrust plate 25, any suitable resilient means may beprovided, as for example, tension spring 3| extending between the swingjaw 22 and the rear end of the crusher, said spring 3| having one end3|a anchored to said jaw 22, as at 32, and the other end 3|b thereofprovided with suitable tension adjusting means such as screw and nutfastening 33, positioned on the rear side portion of cover plate Il asshown in Figs. l and 2.

The practical operation of the invention will now be apparent. Withcrusher constructed as above described and assembled as shown in Figs. land 2, rotary power applied to main shaft H in any conventional manneras by means of ywheels I2 or otherwise, will start the swinging crusherjaw 22 to oscillate in a general up and down direction and toward andaway from the fixed jaw Iii, this motion being due to the provision ofeccentricity in shaft section ||a with respect to main shaft I I and thehinged connection of swinging jaw head ends 22a thereon, and the angulardisposition of said swinging crusher 4 jaw 22 with respect to the fixedjaw I6, as is clear from Fig. l.

Simultaneously, pull connecting link 26 is actuated horizontally to andfro due to the additional eccentricity in sleeve 23 and the pivotalconnection of link end 26a thereon. The other link end 26h is thuscaused to oscillate on hinge pin 2l carried on the free upper end 28a ofbifurcated lever 28, and the latter is thereby rocked on fulcrum pin29'so that the thrust or toggle plate 25 which is interposed between thelower lever end 28a and the bracing rear jaw wall 22j transmits thethrust or crushing power from the main shaft and ywheels I2 to the lowerswinging portion of jaw 22 when the latter moves in a forward effectivestroke, that is, in the direction of the xed jaw |6.

The spring 3|, as seen from Fig. 1, resiliently retracts the swingingjaw 22 for the return stroke of the swinging jaw 22 in the directionaway from the fixed jaw I6.

With the crusher I0 thus operating, material M which requires crushingis dumped into hopper inlet |0b and passes between fixed jaw I6 andswinging jaw 22. Highly improved effective breaking and crumbling .ofmaterial M takes place in crusher |0 due to the elliptical pathtravelled by the swinging jaw 22 with respect to the fixed jaw I6, saidmaterial M tending to be churnegd and pushed downwardly toward outlet Iacrushed and cracked into size of pieces desired. The eccentricities ofshaft section Ila and sleeve 23 relative positions with respect to themain shaft predetermine the vertical axis of the elliptical path takenby swinging jaw 22 which is relatively short as compared with thehorizontal axis of said path, the latter with relation to the passage ofmaterial M resulting to minimize the wear on the jaw surfaces contactingmaterial M serves to accelerate the passage of said material M throughthe crusher I0.

This improved operation of crusher ID economizes in the powerrequirement for an increased output obtained, and is achieved byproviding the effective pinch stroke of the swinging jaw 22 through theimproved linkage and lever construction described above and in a mannerto entirely eliminate movement or lifting of heavy parts and onlyutilizing such movement bearing directly on material M during thecrushing operation.

The improved crusher I0 thus is seen to include a power shaftconstruction formed with doubleV eccentric means having a small throwfor the head end 22a of the swinging jaw 22 and a balanced larger throwwhich through pulling link 26 and bifurcated lever 28 transmitstremendous force through thrust plate 25 to the swinging jaw 22 for'shattering material M lodged between said jaws |6 and 23 andalso'acting as an agitator to feed the crushed material M downtherebetween to outlet Illa.

It is to be understood that where a cheap construction is desiredcrusher I0 may be made to operate without eccentric shaft section ||a inwhich case sleeve 23, or its equivalent, that is, a shaft section made'to correspond thereto, alone provides movement for the swinging jaw.

In using the improved crusher l0 on many frangible materials M, such asrock salt, cinders, etc., increased output may be obtained by providingswinging jaw 22 and fixed jaw I6 with the spaced perforations 22e and|6a, respectively, and if desired, the face side of said jaws 22 and I6may be tted with suitable heavy screen surlstige;

face layers 35 and 36; respectively, which limit the 'maximum size ofthe crushed material M that can by-pass the effective jawcrushin'goperations, in which case the by-passing` crushed material M, as seenfrom Fig. 1 is' screened through layers 35 and 36, pass throughperforations 22e and Ilia, respectively, into said spaces 22g and IBc,and then merge at outlet Ia'with the main body of crushed material Mwhich has passed between the jaws 22 and I6.

The invention embodied in the improved crusher I 0 above described andshown in the drawing, embodies constructions that can .be utilized notonly: for giving improved general crushing service but may also beladapted Vfor medium or light work especially for use onl .hard frangiblematerials such asrock salt, cin'ders-` and coal.

It is therefore seen that there is provided an improved crusherconstruction in which the several objects of the invention are achievedand which are well adapted to meet the conditions of practical use. Asvarious other possible embodiments may be made in the above invention,and as various changes may be made in the embodiments above set forth,it is to be understood that all matters herein set forth and shown inthe accompanying drawings are to be interpreted as illustrative and notin a' limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent:

1. In a crusher construction of the character described, a framecarrying a fixed jaw and a drive-shaft spaced therefrom, a movable jawswingably suspendedY by one end thereof from the drive-shaft incooperative position with respect to the xed jaw, said drive-shafthaving an eccentric section, a pulling link having one end directlyconnected for actuation by said drive-shaft eccentric section, a levermounted for oscillation from said frame having a free end pivotallyconnected with the other end of the pulling link, means including athrust plate for 'transmitting power to the movable jaw at a spaceddistance from the drive-shaft in the direction of the fixed jaw throughmovement of said lever in pulling action by said link, resilient meansfor swingably retracting the movable jaw in adirection away from thefixed jaw, and an additional eccentric means carried by drive-shaft foractuation said movable jaw end simultaneously with the actuation of thepulling link by said drive-shaft eccentric section to swing said movablejaw in an elliptical path tending to churn and push material beingcrushed between said jaws through the crusher.

2. In a crusher construction of the character described, frame matingsides formed with a middle and rear end, front ends of said sides beingprovided with inturned bracing portions, a U-shaped tie plate extendingabout the exterior of said front ends for retaining said inturned framefront end portions in contact, a xed jaw positioned against saidcontacting frame front end portions for reinforcing the xed jaw againstshock and thrust during crushing operations, said middle and rear endsof the frame mating sides being inturned along a bottom side of theframe, means for rigidly securing said inturned middle and rear ends toform a rib joint for bracing the frame sides structural assemblythereat, said xed jaw being U-shaped and positioned in invertedU-relation with respect to said tie plate for setting on the interior ofsaid frame front ends, and means for securing said tie plate to the xedjaw with said frame ends extending therebetween to provide a rigidrugged structure at said front ends.

3. In a crusher construction of the character described, a framecarrying a fixed `iaw and a drive-shaft spaced therefrom, a movable jawswingably suspended by one end thereof from the drive-shaft incooperative position with respect to the fixed jaw, said drive-shafthaving an eccentric section, a pulling link having one end directlyVconnected for actuation by said driveshaft eccentric section, a levermounted for oscillation from said frame having a free end pivotallyconnected with the other end of the pulling link, means including athrust plate for transmitting power to the movable jaw at a spaceddistance from the drive-shaft in the direction of the iixed jaw throughmovement of said lever in pulling action by said link, resilient meansfor swingably retracting the movable jaw in a direction away from thexed jaw, said frame being formedv with mating sides having middle, rearand front ends, the front ends being inturned to provide bracingportions, a U-shaped tie plate extending about the exterior of saidfront ends for retaining said inturned frame portions in contact to bearagainst said xed jaw for reinforcing the latter against shock and thrustduring crushing operations, said middle and rear ends of the framemating sides being inturned along a bottom side of said frame, means forrigidly securing said inturned middle and rear ends to form a rib jointfor bracing the frame sides structural assembly thereat, said xed jawbeing U-shaped and positioned in inverted U-relation with respect tosaid tie plate for setting on the interior of said frame front ends, andmeans for securing the tie plate to the xed jaw with frame endstherebetween to provide a rugged structure at said front ends, said xedjaw having a perforated midportion so constructed and arranged inposition with respect to said front ends to provide space on the rearside of said fixed jaw communicating with an outlet for the crushedmaterial.

4. In a crusher construction of the character described, a framecarrying a iixed jaw and a drive-shaft spaced therefrom, a movable jawswingably suspended by one end thereof from the drive-shaft incooperative position with respect to the fixed jaw, said drive-shafthaving an eccentric section, a pulling link having one end directlyconnected for actuation by said' drive-shaft accentric section, a levermounted for oscillation from said frame having free end pivotallyconnected with the other end of the pulling link, means including athrust plate for transmitting power to the movable jaw at a spaceddistance from the drive-shaft in the direction of the fixed jaw throughmovement of said lever in pulling action by said link, resilient meansfor swingably retracting the movable jaw in a direction away from thefixed jaw, said movable jaw having a perforated front crusher wall,spaced apart side walls terminating in said suspended movable jaw end, arear wall spaced from and interconnecting with said front and side wallsto provide a chamber between said front and rear walls communicatingwith a common outlet for the crushed material, said rear wall formed toextend in convex relation with respect to said front wall, and means onthe exterior side of the rear wall at a spaced distance from thesuspended movable jaw end for pivotally supporting an end of said thrustplate.

5. In a crusher construction of the character esta??? described, a framecarrying a fixed jaw and a drive-shaft spaced therefrom, a mov`able"jawswing'ablysuspended by one end thereof from the drive-shaft incooperative position'with respect 'to the fixed jaw, saiddrive-shafthaving an eccentric section, a pulling link having one' end directlyconnected for actuation by said drive# shaft eccentric section, a levermounted foroscillation from said frame having a free end pivotallyconnected with the other end ofthe pulling link, means including athrust plate for transe mitting power to the movable jaw at a spaceddistance from the drive-shaft in the direction of the xed jaw throughmovement of said lever in pulling action by said link, resilient meansfor lswingably retracting the movable jaw in a direc-v tion away fromthe xed jaw, said frame being formed with mating sides having' middle,rear and front ends, the front ends being intrned to provide bracingportions, a U-shaped tie plate extending about the exterior of saidfront ends for retaining said inturned frame portions vin contact tobear against said Xed jaw `for'rein' forcing the latter against shockand thrust during crushing operations, said middle and rear ends of theframe mating sides being inturned along a bottom side oi the frame,means for rigidly securing said inturned middle and rear ends to form aribr joint for bracing the frame sides structural assembly thereat, saidfixed jaw beingv U-shaped and positioned in inverted U-relation withrespect to said tie plate for setting onthe interior of said frame frontends, means securing the tie plate to the xed jaw with said frame endstherebetween to provide a rugged structure at said front ends, said xedjaw having 'a perforated midportion so constructed and' arranged inposition with respect to said'front endsl 'to provide space on the' rearside of saidxed'jaw communicating with an 'outlet for the crushedmaterial, said movable jaw having a perforated front crusher wall,spaced apart side walls termi'- nating in said suspended'rnovable jawend, a rear wall spaced from and interconnecting with said front wall toprovide a chamber between said front and rear walls communicating withsaid outlet for the crushed material, said rear wall formed to extend inconvex relation with respect to said front wall, and means on theexterior side of the rear wall at a spaced distance from the suspendedmovable jaw end for pivotally supporting an end of said thrust plate.

6. In a crushe;` construction of the character described aS defined 11iGianni in which thedriveshaft' 'carries an additional eccentric meansfor actuating said movable 'jaw end simultaneously witHthe actuation ofthe pulling link by drive"- s'h'aft eccentric section toswing saidmovable jaw in anv elliptical path tending to churn and push fnaterialbeing crushed between said jaws through the crusher, vsaid xed andmovable jaws having crusler walls formed with through-perforations soconstructed andarranged to provide passages outlet for the crushedcommunicating 'with common outlet of the `cruslier construction.

` 7.'"n` aI crusher construction of the character described as dened inclaim 2 in which said fixed jaw 'U-shaped and positioned in invertedUlrelatio'rji with respect to said tie plate for settin'g'in thelinterior of 'said frame front Iends, Yand means for securing the tieplate to the iixed jaw with said frame ends therebetween to provide a'rugged structure at said front ends, said iixedjaw having a perforatedmidportion vso constructedl and arranged in position with respect tosaid front ends to'provide space on the rear side of said fixed jawcommunicating with an material.

GEORGE E. CONWAY.

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